**U.S. Department of Defense - Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency -** 

The Soviet Union had launched an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), the world's first satellite, Sputnik 1. Created with a national sense of urgency in February 1958, U.S. leadership created DARPA, initially with the shorter name (at first without the D for “Defense”) Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). The ARPANET was the network that became the basis for the Internet.



**Reference Desk:**

Interface Message Processor IMP Development Team, Internet History 
http://www.livinginternet.com/i/ii_imp.htm

DARPA - Official Site  http://www.darpa.mil/

ARPANET and the Origins of the Internet
http://www.darpa.mil/about-us/timeline/arpanet

Why the Arpanet Was Built by S.J. Lukasik
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/224124916_Why_the_Arpanet_Was_Built

RAND is the first organization to be called a "think tank."  http://www.rand.org/about/




**Geek History pages:**

[[http://geekhistory.com/content/when-was-internet-invented-and-who-invented-internet | When was internet invented and who invented the internet ]]

[[http://geekhistory.com/content/why-was-internet-created-1957-sputnik-launches-arpa | Why was the internet created: 1957 Sputnik launches ARPA ]]  

[[http://geekhistory.com/content/when-was-internet-invented-jcr-licklider-guides-1960s-arpa-vision | When was internet invented: J.C.R. Licklider guides 1960s ARPA Vision]]